Perfil de pacientes diagnosticados com câncer de vesícula biliar / Profile of patients diagnosed with gallbladder cancer

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes diagnosticados com câncer de vesícula e identificar o estadiamento do tumor estabelecido no momento do diagnóstico, bem como o padrão histopatológico no momento da biópsia. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal e descritivo realizado em um serviço de referência em oncologia clínica, baseado em análise secundária de dados correspondentes aos prontuários de indivíduos com diagnóstico de câncer de vesícula biliar atendidos entre janeiro de 2007 e janeiro de 2017. Resultados: A distribuição por sexo foi de cinco mulheres (62,5%) e três homens (37,5%). A idade variou de 47 a 74 anos, com média de 61,1 anos e desvio padrão de ±9,03. Nenhum indivíduo era assintomático ao diagnóstico; seis (75%) apresentaram dor em hipocôndrio direito, dois (25%) perda de peso e dois outros (25%) massa palpável. Dos oito indivíduos, seis (75%) apresentavam estadiamento clínico (EC) IV ao diagnóstico. O perfil histopatológico apresentou 100% de adenocarcinoma, sendo uma amostra com áreas papilíferas, três moderadamente diferenciadas, três metastáticas e uma bem diferenciada. Conclusão: O perfil clínico-epidemiológico estabelecido foi maior prevalência de câncer de vesícula biliar em mulheres, com média de idade na sétima década. Predominou a cólica biliar como sintoma. O padrão de adenocarcinoma foi identificado em todos os indivíduos. Três quartos dos indivíduos apresentavam estágio avançado de doença. (AU)

Objective: to describe the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with gallbladder cancer, and to identify tumor staging established at the time of diagnosis, as well as the histopathological pattern at the biopsy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, carried out in a reference service of clinical oncology, based on secondary analysis of data corresponding to the medical records of patients diagnosed with Gallbladder cancer seen between January-2007 and January-2017. Results: Gender distribution was of five women (62.5%), and three men (37.5%). Patients' ages ranged from 47-74 years, mean age of 61.1 years and standard deviation of ±9.03). No patient was asymptomatic at diagnosis, six (75%) had right hypochondrium pain, two (25%) showed weight loss, and two others (25%), palpable mass. Of the eight patients, six (75%) had EC IV staging at diagnosis. The histopathological profile showed 100% of adenocarcinoma, with one sample having papilliferous areas, three being moderately differentiated, three metastatic, and one well differentiated. Conclusion: The clinical-epidemiological profile established in this study had a higher prevalence of gallbladder cancer in women, with a mean age of the individual around the 7th decade. The most frequent symptom was biliary colic. The adenocarcinoma pattern was identified in all individuals. Three-quarters of them had advanced disease. (AU)

Incidência comparativa de câncer incidental de vesícula biliar em colecistectomias de urgência versus colecistectomias eletivas / Comparative incidence of incidental gallbladder cancer in emergency cholecystectomies versus in elective cholecystectomies

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar, comparativamente, a incidência de câncer incidental de vesícula biliar em colecistectomias de urgência versus colecistectomias eletivas realizadas em hospitais públicos de Teresina-PI. Métodos: estudo observacional descritivo, quantitativo, com delineamento transversal, cujo cenário foram dois hospitais públicos de Teresina-PI. Foram analisados 6.329 prontuários de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia, entre janeiro de 2011 e dezembro de 2017. Os dados coletados foram divididos em dois grupos e confrontados estatisticamente através do teste Z para diferença entre proporções. Resultados: detectou-se câncer incidental da vesícula biliar em 6,53% das colecistectomias de urgência e em 0,38% das eletivas. Quanto ao sexo, observou-se que, na cirurgia de urgência, 69% eram mulheres e 31%, homens, enquanto no procedimento eletivo, 78% eram mulheres e 22%, homens. Quanto à idade, a maioria dos pacientes possuía mais de 60 anos e, entre estes, 69,3% submetidos à colecistectomias de urgência e 82,6%, à eletivas. O tipo histopatológico "adenocarcinoma" foi encontrado em 84,6% das cirurgias de urgência e 100% das eletivas. Conclusão: câncer incidental de vesícula biliar foi mais frequente em colecistectomias de urgência em comparação às eletivas. O perfil dos pacientes com essa doença maligna nos dois tipos de procedimento foi do sexo feminino, maiores de 60 anos de idade e com diagnóstico histopatológico de adenocarcinoma.

ABSTRACT Objective: to comparatively analyse the incidence of incidental gallbladder cancer in emergency cholecystectomies versus in elective cholecystectomies performed in public hospitals in Teresina city, Piaui state (PI). Methods: descriptive, quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study, whose scenarios were two public hospitals in Teresina-PI. We analysed 6,329 medical records of patients undergoing cholecystectomy between January 2011 and December 2017. The collected data were divided into two groups and statistically compared using Z-test for difference between proportions. Results: incidental gallbladder cancer was detected in 6.53% of emergency cholecystectomies and in 0.38% of elective ones. Regarding gender, it was observed that in emergency surgeries 69% of patients were women and 31% men, while in elective procedures 78% were women and 22% men. Regarding age, most patients were over 60 years old, and, among these, 69.3% underwent emergency cholecystectomies and 82.6% underwent elective cholecystectomies. The histopathological type "adenocarcinoma" was found in 84.6% of patients who underwent emergency surgeries and in 100% of patients who underwent elective surgeries. Conclusion: incidental gallbladder cancer was more frequent in urgent cholecystectomies compared to elective cholecystectomies. The profile of patients with this malignant disease in both types of procedure was female, older than 60 years, and with histopathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma.

Prevalência do câncer de vesícula biliar em pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia: experiência do Hospital de Clínicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP / Prevalence of gallbladder cancer In patients submitted to cholecystectomy: experience of the University Hospital, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP

RESUMO Objetivo: estudar a prevalência do câncer de vesícula biliar em pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Métodos: estudo de prevalência retrospectivo a partir da análise de laudos de espécimes histopatológicos de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia, no período de janeiro de 2010 a maio de 2015. Resultados: foram analisados 893 laudos de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia, dos quais 144 de urgência e 749 eletivas (16,2% e 83,8%, respectivamente). Segundo o sexo, 72,8% correspondiam ao feminino e 27,2%, ao masculino. Em 12 pacientes (1,3%) foi evidenciado o diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma de vesícula biliar e, em um (0,1%), o diagnóstico de linfoma não Hodgkin. Dos 13 pacientes com neoplasia, sete (53,8%) apresentaram colecistolitíase associada. Em dois doentes (15,3%) foi constatado pólipo de vesícula biliar. Sete (53,8%) doentes foram operados com a hipótese diagnóstica de neoplasia de vesícula biliar. Conclusão: a prevalência do adenocarcinoma de vesícula biliar no presente estudo foi semelhante à dos estudos ocidentais e o principal fator de risco foi a colecistolitíase, seguido pela presença de pólipos de vesícula biliar.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the prevalence of gallbladder carcinoma in patients submitted to cholecystectomy for chronic cholecystitis at the University Hospital of the State University of Campinas. Methods: we conducted a retrospective prevalence study through the analysis of histological specimens from January 2010 to May 2015. Results: we analyzed 893 patient reports. Emergency cholecystectomies amounted to 144, and elective ones, 749 (16.2% and 83.8%, respectively). Regarding gender, 72.8% were female and 27.2% male. Gallbladder adenocarcinoma occurred in 12 patients (1.3%) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in one (0.1%). In patients with cancer, seven (53.8%) were associated with cholelithiasis and two (15.3%) with gallbladder polyps. Conclusion: prevalence results of gallbladder adenocarcinoma in this study were similar to those of Western studies and the main risk factor was cholelithiasis, followed by the presence of gallbladder polyps.

Frecuencia y perfil clínico de cáncer de vesícula biliar en pacientes colecistectomizados en 3 hospitales referenciales de Chiclayo entre 2011 y 2015 / The frequency and clinical profile of gallbladder cancer in patients undergoing cholecystectomy in 3 reference hospitals in Chiclayo between 2011-2015

Objetivos: Describir la frecuencia y perfil clínico de cáncer de vesícula biliar en pacientes colecistectomizados en 3 hospitales referenciales en Chiclayo entre 2011-2015. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal retrospectivo. El estudio está dividido en 2 fases, la primera consistió en contabilizar el número total de informes de patología de vesícula biliar y seleccionar los casos positivos para cáncer; la segunda fase consistió en recolectar datos de las historias clínicas de los pacientes positivos para cáncer. Resultados: De 5720 reportes de anatomía patológica de vesícula biliar, 58 (1,01%) fueron positivas para neoplasia vesicular. 42 casos (72,4%) fueron mujeres y solo 16 (27,6%) fueron hombres. El síntoma más frecuente fue el dolor abdominal con 41 casos (70,7%). 18 pacientes (31%) refirieron otra sintomatología, la hiporexia fue la más frecuente con 8 casos (13,8%). 41 casos (70,7%) presentaron cálculos vesiculares. El tipo de cáncer que predomino fue el adenocarcinoma con 48 casos (82,8%) seguido por el carcinoma mucinoso con 3 casos (5,2%). Conclusiones: En el departamento de Lambayeque la frecuencia de cáncer de vesícula biliar fue de 1,01% con predominancia en el sexo femenino y sexta década de la vida, siendo el Adenocarcinoma, el tipo más común. Así mismo, los pacientes presentaron con mayor frecuencia dolor abdominal e ictericia

ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe the frequency and clinical profile of gallbladder cancer in patients undergoing cholecystectomy in 3 reference hospitals in Chiclayo between 2011-2015. Materials and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study. The study is divided into 2 phases, the first was to count the total number of reports of gallbladder pathology and select positive cases for cancer; the second phase was to collect data from the medical records of patients positive for cancer. Results: From 5720 pathology reports gallbladder, 58 (1.01%) were positive for vesicular neoplasia. 42 cases (72.4%) were women and only 16 (27.6%) were men. The most common symptom was abdominal pain in 41 cases (70.7%). 18 patients (31%) reported other symptoms, the hyporexia was the most frequent with 8 cases (13.8%). 41 cases (70.7%) had gallstone. The predominant type of cancer was adenocarcinoma in 48 cases (82.8%) followed by mucinous carcinoma in 3 cases (5.2%). Conclusions: In the department of Lambayeque frequency of gallbladder cancer was 1.01% with predominance in females and sixth decade of life, being Adenocarcinoma, the most common type. Likewise, patients had more frequent abdominal pain and jaundice

RE: Metastasis of Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma to Bauhin's Valve: An Extremely Rare Cause of Intestinal Obstruction

No abstract available.

Biological behavior and disease pattern of carcinoma gallbladder shown on 64-slice CT scanner: A hospital-based retrospective observational study and our experience.

Purpose: The aim of this diagnostic observational study was to assess the spread and biological behavior of gallbladder cancer using 64-slice computerized tomography (CT) scanner in this particular geographic belt (eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar, and northern Madhya Pradesh provinces of North India). Indians are ethnically and culturally different from their Western counterparts among whom the incidence of this disease is comparatively low. Subjects and Methods: After systemic examination, all patients (87) were subjected to ultrasonographic examination. All cases were histopathologically proven. Confirmed cases were subjected to volumetric CT examination of abdomen and pelvis, plain, post contrast and delayed phase. Results: Majority of the cases were adenocarcinoma. There was female preponderance with majority belonging to fifth and sixth decades. Commonest presentation was diffuse, irregular, enhancing wall thickening in 49.4%. Majority had invasion of liver parenchyma (74.7%). Cholelithiasis was seen in 48.3% cases. Invasion of biliary radicals was high (13.8-18.4%). Eleven cases had invasion of portal vein and tumor thrombus, with hepatic artery invasion in one case. In two cases, both hepatic artery and portal vein invasion was seen. Portal and peripancreatic nodal metastasis was seen in 58.5%. Distant metastasis was reported. Conclusion: Few studies involving the Indian population have attempted to use multi-row detector CT to define the biological behavior of carcinoma gallbladder. The opinion whether the pathology is operable or non-operable can reasonably be given. This large-scale, single-center study gives insight about the epidemiology and biological behavior of carcinoma gallbladder.

Simultaneous Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis and Gallbladder Cancer in a Patient with a Large Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

There have been reports of the coexistence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with intra-abdominal malignancy including gastric, colonic, pancreatic, and renal. We herein report a case of a previously undiagnosed AAA and a presenting complaint consistent with acute cholecystitis. Following cholecystectomy, this was noted to be a rare form of chronic cholecystitis: xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. There is a known possible association of this uncommon condition with gallbladder cancer. The management of concomitant pathologies can present a real challenge to the multidisciplinary team, especially with large aneurysms.

Percutaneous Biliary Drainage Using Open Cell Stents for Malignant Biliary Hilar Obstruction

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility, safety and the effectiveness of the complex assembly of open cell nitinol stents for biliary hilar malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the 10 month period between January and October 2007, 26 consecutive patients with malignant biliary hilar obstruction underwent percutaneous insertion of open cell design nitinol stents. Four types of stent placement methods were used according to the patients' ductal anatomy of the hilum. We evaluated the technical feasibility of stent placement, complications, patient survival, and the duration of stent patency. RESULTS: Bilobar biliary stent placement was conducted in 26 patients with malignant biliary obstruction-T (n = 9), Y (n = 7), crisscross (n = 6) and multiple intersecting types (n = 4). Primary technical success was obtained in 24 of 26 (93%) patients. The crushing of the 1st stent during insertion of the 2nd stent occurred in two cases. Major complications occurred in 2 of 26 patients (7.7%). One case of active bleeding from hepatic segmental artery and one case of sepsis after procedure occurred. Clinical success was achieved in 21 of 24 (87.5%) patients, who were followed for a mean of 141.5 days (range 25-354 days). The mean primary stent patency period was 191.8 days and the mean patient survival period was 299 days. CONCLUSION: Applying an open cell stent in the biliary system is feasible, and can be effective, especially in multiple intersecting stent insertions in the hepatic hilum.

An Experience of Cyberknife Treatment in Patients with Advanced Pancreaticobilliary Malignancy / 대한소화기학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: CyberKnife(TM) stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has been thought as a promising treatment modality for inoperable or recurred pancreaticobiliary malignancies. But, clinical course of CyberKnife(TM) treatment have not been established yet, so we report the experience of CyberKnife(TM) treatment in 19 patients with recurred or advanced pancreaticobilliary malignancies. METHODS: Between July 2008 and May 2009, 19 patients (gallbladder cancer 4, common bile duct cancer 5, and pancreatic cancer 10) with recurred (12) and advanced pancreaticobiliary cancer (7) underwent CyberKnife(TM) treatment in Soonchunhyang University Hospital. Tumor size was evaluated at 1, 3, 6, 8 and every 3 months after SBRT. RESULTS: The mean age was 60.2 years, and the mean size of target lesions was 28.1+/-1.30 mm. After CyberKnife(TM) treatment, the average size of target lesions was decreased; 2.53+/-4.18 mm from months 0-1 in 19 patients, 2.47+/-4.7 mm from months 1-3 in 15 patients, 0.08+/-5.11 mm from months 3-6 in 12 patients. However, the average size of target lesions was increased 3.67+/-8.98 mm from months 6-8 in 6 patients. There were 2 cases of massive duodenal ulcer bleeding after CyberKnife(TM) treatment, one of them expired due to ulcer bleeding. Also, other minor complications appeared such as 1 case of abdominal pain and 1 case of diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS: CyberKnife(TM) treatment seems to be effective in local control of pancreaticobiliary cancer, but we experienced serious complications. Further prospective studies will be needed for the proper evaluation of role of Cyberknife(TM) treatment in patients with advanced pancreaticobiliary malignancies.

Gall bladder carcinoma with krukenburg tumour a case report

To determine the mechanism and pattern of animal related injuries in the troops deployed in field. A hospital based observational study. Main Dressing Station Kotli Azad Kashmir from Jan 2004 to Jan 2006 An observational hospital based study was carried out on all the patients who reported to the Main Dressing Station [MDS] between Jan 2004 to Jan 2006. The data was collected by using hospital information system. A performa was developed after review of literature which included necessary information related to patient's age, sex, type of injury and species of animal involved. The information collected was analyzed in detail. Laskin and Donhoue1 classification was used to classify wounds. A total of 48 patients were reviewed. These were all males and the mean age was 25 years. Thirty three [69%] patients had soft tissue injuries, 7 [15%] had fractures, 5 [10%] had head injury and 3 [6%] had abdominal injury. Mule kick injuries occurred in 37[77%] patients, dog bite in 7[15%] cases and donkey bite in 4[8%] cases. Troops deployed in the field are exposed to the hazard of animal related injuries which can be fatal at times. The complex nature of these injuries entails early and appropriate management in order to achieve satisfactory outcome and prevent complications. Prevention strategies include proper animal handling techniques based upon animal behavior and the appropriate use of well designed confinement facilities

Etiological spectrum of obstructive Jaundice

The objective of this study was to determine the etiological spectrum of obstructive jaundice in this part of the world. This prospective study was carried out at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi from March 1997 to February 2001 and later at Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad from January 2003 to December 2006. Sixty five patients with obstructive jaundice were included in this study. The data was collected with respect to patient's identity, age, gender and cause of the obstructive jaundice. Fifty seven percent of patient had malignant obstructive jaundice and carcinoma of head of pancreas being the leading cause of malignant obstructive jaundice. Forty three percent patients had benign causes of obstructive jaundice, choledocholithiasis being the most common benign cause. Choledocholithiasis and malignancy are the two major causes of obstructive jaundice

Gall bladder carcinoma: stroke as first manifestation.

Clinical presentation of gall bladder carcinoma with distant metastasis is extremely rare. We report a 73-year-old lady who presented with right-sided hemiparesis. CT scan showed a left frontal lobe tumor. Excision of the tumor resulted in improvement of neurological functions. Further workup revealed a gall bladder mass with liver nodules.

Síndrome de Bouveret: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Bouveret syndrome: report of one case

El síndrome de Bouveret es una rara entidad clínica consistente en una obstrucción duodenal secundaria al paso de cálculos desde la vesícula biliar al duodeno, a través de una fístula colecisto o colédoco-duodenal. La presentación clínica es más bien inespecífica, siendo difícil el diagnóstico preoperatorio. La ecografía y TAC abdominal, como la endoscopia digestiva alta son los exámenes diagnósticos más útiles, siendo, en ocasiones, terapéutico. Este trabajo reporta el caso de un paciente de 76 años, que consulta por un cuadro compatible con una obstrucción intestinal causada por litiasis biliar y cáncer.

Carcinoma of the gall bladder presenting as dermatomyositis.

Dermatomyositis (DM), manifested as paraneoplastic syndrome, is not a very common clinical entity but its association with various internal malignancies is well-documented in literature. We present such a case of DM associated with characteristic skin lesions and subacute onset of proximal muscle weakness, acquired from a very rare malignancy like adenocarcinoma of gall bladder.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: differentiation from associated gall bladder carcinoma.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a destructive form of chronic cholecystitis. In some patients it coexists with gall bladder carcinoma (GBC) and is often difficult to differentiate between the two. Present study was performed with an aim to identify differentiating features of XGC and those of XGC with associated Gall bladder carcinoma (XGC ass. GBC). A retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained data of 4800 cholecystectomies performed from January 1988 to December 2003 was carried out. On histopathology 453 cholecystectomy specimens revealed XGC. These patients were divided into two groups, those with associated GBC (n=26) and those without GBC (n=427). Clinical, radiological and operative findings were compared in these two groups. P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The incidence of associated GBC in present series was 6%. XGC patients with associated GBC, at presentation were older than those with XGC alone and there was male preponderance. XGC patients with associated GBC were more likely to present with anorexia, weight loss, palpable lump and jaundice. Gall stones were present in majority of patients in both the groups. GB wall thickening, GB mass, enlarged abdominal lymph nodes may be found on imaging in both the groups but more so in patients with associated GBC. Both preoperative FNAC and peroperative FNAC/imprint cytology failed to reveal the associated GBC with XGC in some patients.

Sobrevida de pacientes com estenose biliar maligna baseada no escovado endoscópico e na bilirrubinemia / Survival of patients with malignant biliary stricture based on endoscopic brushing and on bilirubinemia

RACIONAL: As principais causas de estenose biliar maligna são câncer de pâncreas e colangiocarcinoma. A definição do prognóstico dos pacientes no momento da pancreatocolangiografia retrógrada endoscópica é importante na escolha da conduta mais adequada. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a importância do escovado endoscópico e da bilirrubinemia na determinação da sobrevida dos pacientes com estenose biliar maligna. MÉTODOS: Os pacientes com estenose biliar diagnosticados durante pancreatocolangiografia retrógrada endoscópica foram submetidos a duplo escovado. Amostras de sangue de todos eles foram obtidas para dosagem das bilirrubinas. Os pacientes foram acompanhados para determinar o diagnóstico final e a sobrevida. RESULTADOS: Diagnóstico final de doença maligna foi obtido em 40 pacientes de um total de 50 casos de estenose biliar. Os níveis séricos elevados das bilirrubinas ou a citologia por escovado positiva para malignidade estava relacionada a menor sobrevida. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados desta pesquisa demonstram a possibilidade de determinar o prognóstico em casos de estenoses biliares malignas através do resultado do escovado endoscópico ou da bilirrubinemia.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of gallbladder presenting as acute cholecystitis.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of gallbladder accounts for only 0-12.7% of all cases of gallbladder cancer. We here report a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of gallbladder presenting as acute cholecystitis. A 50 year old man was admitted with the complaints of pain in right hypochondrium and fever of 2 days duration. Abdominal examination revealed tenderness along with guarding and rigidity in right hypochondrium with positive Murphy's sign. The patient was conservatively treated as a case of acute cholecystitis. After 12 hrs of unrewarding treatment patient was operated upon and cholecystectomy done. The specimen revealed thick walled gallbladder with multiple calculi. Histopathology revealed squamous cell carcinoma grade II.

Brush cytology in malignant biliary obstruction.

Tissue diagnosis is essential for the management of patients with malignant biliary obstruction. We prospectively studied brush cytology in 30 patients with malignant biliary obstruction. Wire guided brush cytology was obtained from the stricturous segment during endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography. The study comprised of 30 patients (16 males, 14 females), with a mean age of 55 years (range 30-75 years). The obstruction was caused by carcinoma gallbladder in 16 cases, carcinoma head of the pancreas in 10 cases, and cholangiocarcinoma in 4 cases. Brush cytology was positive for malignancy in 8 cases (26.7%). Another 3 samples (10.3%), 1 from each group of tumors, were suspicious for malignancy. Cytology was positive in 25% of gallbladder cancers, 50% of pancreatic cancers, and 50% of cholangiocarcinomas. Brush cytology was positive in 6 of 18 (33.3%) proximal and 5 of 12 (41.7%) distal strictures. Brush cytology yielded a sensitivity of 36.7% in the diagnosis of malignant biliary strictures. However, a larger study is required to confirm these findings.